A file system provides the methods for storing and retrieving files on storage media. The process can be quite complex, but it’s all handled by the operating system. So it’s nothing to worry about, aside from compatibility when you select a file system while formatting media.
In the old days, PCs used a simple file system called FAT or FAT16. Its limitations prevented PCs from storing files above a certain size
and from accessing high-capacity media. That’s why early PCs had to partition large hard drives. Otherwise, only a portion of this storage could be used.
Thanks to today’s file systems, which can store massive files on huge hard drives, such restrictions no longer apply.
File Systems and Formats
exFAT - Extended File Allocation Table
Also known as FAT64, designed by Microsoft for use with media cards and flash drives.
FAT - File Access Table
The original disk format used for storing files on the PC eons ago; also known as FAT16, this file system had many limitations
FAT32 - FileAccess Table 32-bit
An updated version of the FAT that allowed access to larger hard drives. Still popular because the FAT32 is recognized by many operating systems; not as useful as NTFS, however.
NTFS - File System for WindowsNT
The current and best mass storage media format; used primarily on hard drives and SSDs.
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